Chapter 28

Poetic Version

The Book of Isaiah

New Translation by Avraham Gileadi as compared with the King James Version.

King James Translation                           Isaiah Institute Translation

CHAPTER 28

Analytical Audio Commentary of Isaiah

 

הוֹי עֲטֶרֶת גֵּאוּת שִׁכֹּרֵי אֶפְרַיִם וְצִיץ נֹבֵל צְבִי תִפְאַרְתּוֹ אֲשֶׁר עַל־רֹאשׁ גֵּיא־שְׁמָנִים הֲלוּמֵי יָיִן ׃ 1.

 

1.  WOE to the crown of pride, to the drunkards of Ephraim, whose glorious beauty is a fading flower, which are on the head of the fat valleys of them that are overcome with wine!

29:9

1.  Woe to the garlands of glory

of the drunkards of Ephraim!

Their crowning splendor has become as fading wreaths

on the heads of athe opulenta overcome with wine.

 

 

 

 

הִנֵּה חָזָק וְאַמִּץ לַאדֹנָי כְּזֶרֶם בָּרָד שַׂעַר קָטֶב כְּזֶרֶם מַיִם כַּבִּירִים שֹׁטְפִים הִנִּיחַ לָאָרֶץ בְּיָד ׃ 2.

 

2.  Behold, the Lord hath a mighty and strong one, which as a tempest of hail and a destroying storm, as a flood of mighty waters overflowing, shall cast down to the earth with the hand.

8:7-8

2.  My Lord has in store one mighty and strong:

as a ravaging hailstorm sweeping down,

or like an inundating deluge of mighty waters,

he will hurl them to the ground by his hand.

 

 

 

 

בְּרַגְלַיִם תֵּרָמַסְנָה עֲטֶרֶת גֵּאוּת שִׁכּוֹרֵי אֶפְרָיִם ׃ 3.

 

3.  The crown of pride, the drunkards of Ephraim, shall be trodden under feet:

63:6

3.  The proud garlands of the drunkards of Ephraim

shall be trodden underfoot.

 

 

 

 

וְהָיְתָה צִיצַת נֹבֵל צְבִי תִפְאַרְתּוֹ אֲשֶׁר עַל־רֹאשׁ גֵּיא שְׁמָנִים כְּבִכּוּרָהּ בְּטֶרֶם קַיִץ אֲשֶׁר יִרְאֶה הָרֹאֶה אוֹתָהּ בְּעוֹדָהּ בְּכַפּוֹ יִבְלָעֶנָּה ׃ 4.

 

4.  And the glorious beauty, which is on the head of the fat valley, shall be a fading flower, and as the hasty fruit before the summer; which when he that looketh upon it seeth, while it is yet in his hand he eateth it up.

18:5

4.  And the fading wreaths, the crowns of glory

on the heads of athe opulent,a

shall be like the first‑ripe fruit

before summer harvest:

he who sees it devours it

the moment he has hold of it.

 

 

 

 

בַּיּוֹם הַהוּא יִהְיֶה יְהוָה צְבָאוֹת לַעֲטֶרֶת צְבִי וְלִצְפִירַת תִּפְאָרָה לִשְׁאָר עַמּוֹ ׃ 5.

 

5.  In that day shall the LORD of hosts be for a crown of glory, and for a diadem of beauty, unto the residue of his people,

10:21-22

5.  In that day shall the Lord of Hosts

be as a crown of beauty and wreath of glory

to the remnant of his people:

 

 

 

 

וּלְרוּחַ מִשְׁפָּט לַיּוֹשֵׁב עַל־הַמִּשְׁפָּט וְלִגְבוּרָה מְשִׁיבֵי מִלְחָמָה שָׁעְרָה ׃ 6.

 

6.  And for a spirit of judgment to him that sitteth in judgment, and for strength to them that turn the battle to the gate.

6.  a spirit of justice to him who sits in judgment,

a source of strength

to those who repulse the attack at the gates.

 

 

 

 

וְגַם־אֵלֶּה בַּיַּיִן שָׁגוּ וּבַשֵּׁכָר תָּעוּ כֹּהֵן וְנָבִיא שָׁגוּ בַשֵּׁכָר נִבְלְעוּ מִן־הַיַּיִן תָּעוּ מִן־הַשֵּׁכָר שָׁגוּ בָּרֹאֶה פָּקוּ פְּלִילִיָּה ׃ 7.

 

7.  But they also have erred through wine, and through strong drink are out of the way; the priest and the prophet have erred through strong drink, they are swallowed up of wine, they are out of the way through strong drink; they err in vision, they stumble in judgment.

56:10-12

19:14

7.  These too have indulged in wine

and are giddy with strong drink:

priests and prophets have gone astray through liquor.

They are intoxicated with wine

and stagger because of strong drink;

they err as seers, they blunder in their decisions.

 

 

 

 

כִּי כָּל־שֻׁלְחָנוֹת מָלְאוּ קִיא צֹאָה בְּלִי מָקוֹם ׃ 8.

 

8.  For all tables are full of vomit and filthiness, so that there is no place clean.

8.  For all tables are filled with vomit;

no spot is without excrement.

 

 

 

 

אֶת־מִי יוֹרֶה דֵעָה וְאֶת־מִי יָבִין שְׁמוּעָה גְּמוּלֵי מֵחָלָב עַתִּיקֵי מִשָּׁדָיִם ׃ 9.

 

9.  Whom shall he teach knowledge?  and whom shall he make to understand doctrine?  them that are weaned from the milk, and drawn from the breasts.

53:1

9.  Whom shall he give instruction?

Whom shall he enlighten with revelation?

Weanlings weaned from milk,

those just taken from the breast?

 

 

 

 

כִּי צַו לָצָו צַו לָצָו קַו לָקָו קַו לָקָו זְעֵיר שָׁם זְעֵיר שָׁם ׃ 10.

 

10.  For precept must be upon precept, precept upon precept; line upon line, line upon line; here a little, and there a little:

29:13

10.  For it is but precept upon precept,

precept upon precept,

measure by measure, measure by measure;

a trifle here, a trifle there.

 

 

 

 

כִּי בְּלַעֲגֵי שָׂפָה וּבְלָשׁוֹן אַחֶרֶת יְדַבֵּר אֶל־הָעָם הַזֶּה ׃ 11.

 

11.  For with stammering lips and another tongue will he speak to this people.

33:19

11.  Therefore, by incomprehensible speech

and a strange tongue

must he speak to these people,

 

 

 

 

אֲשֶׁר אָמַר אֲלֵיהֶם זֹאת הַמְּנוּחָה הָנִיחוּ לֶעָיֵף וְזֹאת הַמַּרְגֵּעָה וְלֹא אָבוּא שְׁמוֹעַ ׃ 12.

 

12.  To whom he said, This is the rest wherewith ye may cause the weary to rest; and this is the refreshing: yet they would not hear.

50:4

12.  to whom he said, This is rest; let the weary rest!

This is a respite! But they would not listen.

 

 

 

 

וְהָיָה לָהֶם דְּבַר־יְהוָה צַו לָצָו צַו לָצָו קַו לָקָו קַו לָקָו זְעֵיר שָׁם זְעֵיר שָׁם לְמַעַן יֵלְכוּ וְכָשְׁלוּ אָחוֹר וְנִשְׁבָּרוּ וְנוֹקְשׁוּ וְנִלְכָּדוּ ׃ 13.

 

13.  But the word of the LORD was unto them precept upon precept, precept upon precept; line upon line, line upon line; here a little, and there a little; that they might go, and fall backward, and be broken, and snared, and taken.

8:14-15

13.  So to them the word of the Lord remained:

Precept upon precept, precept upon precept,

measure by measure, measure by measure;

a trifle here, a trifle there, that,

persisting, they might lapse into stumbling

and break themselves,

become ensnared and be taken captive.

 

 

 

 

לָכֵן שִׁמְעוּ דְבַר־יְהוָה אַנְשֵׁי לָצוֹן מֹשְׁלֵי הָעָם הַזֶּה אֲשֶׁר בִּירוּשָׁלִָם ׃ 14.

 

14.  Wherefore hear the word of the LORD, ye scornful men, that rule this people which is in Jerusalem.

1:10

14.  Therefore hear the word of the Lord, you scoffers

who preside over these people in Jerusalem.

 

 

 

 

כִּי אֲמַרְתֶּם כָּרַתְנוּ בְרִית אֶת־מָוֶת וְעִם־שְׁאוֹל עָשִׂינוּ חֹזֶה שֹׁיט (שׁוֹט) שׁוֹטֵף כִּי־ַעֲבֹר (יַעֲבֹר) לֹא יְבוֹאֵנוּ כִּי שַׂמְנוּ כָזָב מַחְסֵנוּ וּבַשֶּׁקֶר נִסְתָּרְנוּ ׃ 15.

 

15.  Because ye have said, We have made a covenant with death, and with hell are we at agreement; when the overflowing scourge shall pass through, it shall not come unto us: for we have made lies our refuge, and under falsehood have we hid ourselves:

30:28

28:2

15.  You have supposed, by taking refuge in deception

and hiding behind falsehoods,

to have covenanted with Death,

or reached an understanding with Sheol, that,

should a flooding scourge sweep through the earth,

it shall not reach you.

 

 

 

 

לָכֵן כֹּה אָמַר אֲדֹנָי יְהוִה הִנְנִי יִסַּד בְּצִיּוֹן אָבֶן אֶבֶן בֹּחַן פִּנַּת יִקְרַת מוּסָד מוּסָּד הַמַּאֲמִין לֹא יָחִישׁ ׃ 16.

 

16.  Therefore thus saith the Lord GOD, Behold, I lay in Zion for a foundation a stone, a tried stone, a precious corner stone, a sure foundation: he that believeth shall not make haste.

16.  Therefore, thus says my Lord the Lord:

I lay in Zion a stone, a keystone,

a precious cornerstone, a sure foundation.

They who believe it will not do rashly.

 

 

 

 

וְשַׂמְתִּי מִשְׁפָּט לְקָו וּצְדָקָה לְמִשְׁקָלֶת וְיָעָה בָרָד מַחְסֵה כָזָב וְסֵתֶר מַיִם יִשְׁטֹפוּ ׃ 17.

 

17.  Judgment also will I lay to the line, and righteousness to the plummet: and the hail shall sweep away the refuge of lies, and the waters shall overflow the hiding place.

1:27

32:19*

17.  I will make justice the measure,

righteousness the weight;

a hail shall sweep away your false refuge

and waters flood the hiding place.

 

 

 

 

וְכֻפַּר בְּרִיתְכֶם אֶת־מָוֶת וְחָזוּתְכֶם אֶת־שְׁאוֹל לֹא תָקוּם שׁוֹט שׁוֹטֵף כִּי יַעֲבֹר וִהְיִיתֶם לוֹ לְמִרְמָס ׃ 18.

 

18.  And your covenant with death shall be disannulled, and your agreement with hell shall not stand; when the overflowing scourge shall pass through, then ye shall be trodden down by it.

 

18.  Your covenant with Death shall prove void,b

your understanding with Sheol have no effect:

when the flooding scourge sweeps through,

you shall be overrun by it.

 

 

 

 

מִדֵּי עָבְרוֹ יִקַּח אֶתְכֶם כִּי־בַבֹּקֶר בַּבֹּקֶר יַעֲבֹר בַּיּוֹם וּבַלָּיְלָה וְהָיָה רַק־זְוָעָה הָבִין שְׁמוּעָה ׃ 19.

 

19.  From the time that it goeth forth it shall take you: for morning by morning shall it pass over, by day and by night: and it shall be a vexation only to understand the report.

21:1

8:9

19.  As often as it sweeps through,

you shall be seized by it:

morning after morning it shall sweep through,

by day and by night it shall seize you;

it shall cause terror merely to hear word of it.

 

 

 

 

כִּי־קָצַר הַמַּצָּע מֵהִשְׂתָּרֵעַ וְהַמַּסֵּכָה צָרָה כְּהִתְכַּנֵּס ׃
20.

 

20.  For the bed is shorter than that a man can stretch himself on it: and the covering narrower than that he can wrap himself in it.

 

20.  Then shall come to pass the proverb:

The couch is too short to stretch out on,

the covering too narrow to wrap oneself in.

 

 

 

 

כִּי כְהַר־פְּרָצִים יָקוּם יְהוָה כְּעֵמֶק בְּגִבְעוֹן יִרְגָּז לַעֲשׂוֹת מַעֲשֵׂהוּ זָר מַעֲשֵׂהוּ וְלַעֲבֹד עֲבֹדָתוֹ נָכְרִיָּה עֲבֹדָתוֹ ׃ 21.

 

21.  For the LORD shall rise up as in mount Perazim, he shall be wroth as in the valley of Gibeon, that he may do his work, his strange work; and bring to pass his act, his strange act.

33:10-13

10:12

21.  For the Lord will rise up

as he did on Mount Perazim,

and be stirred to anger, as in the Valley of Gibeon—

to perform his act, his unwonted act,

and do his work, his bizarre work.

 

 

 

 

וְעַתָּה אַל־תִּתְלוֹצָצוּ פֶּן־יֶחְזְקוּ מוֹסְרֵיכֶם כִּי־כָלָה וְנֶחֱרָצָה שָׁמַעְתִּי מֵאֵת אֲדֹנָי יְהוִה צְבָאוֹת עַל־כָּל־הָאָרֶץ ׃ 22.

 

22.  Now therefore be ye not mockers, lest your bands be made strong: for I have heard from the Lord GOD of hosts a consumption, even determined upon the whole earth.

13:5

22.  Now therefore scoff not,

lest your bonds grow severe,

for I have heard utter destruction

decreed by my Lord, the Lord of Hosts,

upon the whole earth.

 

 

 

 

הַאֲזִינוּ וְשִׁמְעוּ קוֹלִי הַקְשִׁיבוּ וְשִׁמְעוּ אִמְרָתִי ׃ 23.

 

23.  Give ye ear, and hear my voice; hearken, and hear my speech.

50:10

23.  Give heed, and hear my voice!

Be attentive, and listen to what I say!

 

 

 

 

הֲכֹל הַיּוֹם יַחֲרֹשׁ הַחֹרֵשׁ לִזְרֹעַ יְפַתַּח וִישַׂדֵּד אַדְמָתוֹ ׃ 24.

 

24.  Doth the plowman plow all day to sow?  doth he open and break the clods of his ground?

 

24.  Will the plowman be forever plowing to sow seed,

disking and harrowing the same ground?

 

 

 

 

הֲלוֹא אִם־שִׁוָּה פָנֶיהָ וְהֵפִיץ קֶצַח וְכַמֹּן יִזְרֹק וְשָׂם חִטָּה שׂוֹרָה וּשְׂעֹרָה נִסְמָן וְכֻסֶּמֶת גְּבֻלָתוֹ ׃ 25.

 

25.  When he hath made plain the face thereof, doth he not cast abroad the fitches, and scatter the cummin, and cast in the principal wheat and the appointed barley and the rie in their place?

 

25.  When he has smoothed its surface,

does he not sprinkle fennel and scatter cumin?

Does he not demarcate wheat from barley

and sow buckwheat in its own plot?

 

 

 

 

וְיִסְּרוֹ לַמִּשְׁפָּט אֱלֹהָיו יוֹרֶנּוּ ׃ 26.

 

26.  For his God doth instruct him to discretion, and doth teach him.

28:9

26.  His God instructs him,

directing him in the proper procedure.

 

 

 

 

כִּי לֹא בֶחָרוּץ יוּדַשׁ קֶצַח וְאוֹפַן עֲגָלָה עַל־כַּמֹּן יוּסָּב כִּי בַמַּטֶּה יֵחָבֶט קֶצַח וְכַמֹּן בַּשָּׁבֶט ׃ 27.

 

27.  For the fitches are not threshed with a threshing instrument, neither is a cart wheel turned about upon the cummin; but the fitches are beaten out with a staff, and the cummin with a rod.

 

27. Fennel is not threshed with a sharp‑toothed sledge,

nor is a cartwheel rolled over cumin:

fennel is beaten out with a stick

and cumin with a rod.

 

 

 

 

לֶחֶם יוּדָק כִּי לֹא לָנֶצַח אָדוֹשׁ יְדוּשֶׁנּוּ וְהָמַם גִּלְגַּל עֶגְלָתוֹ וּפָרָשָׁיו לֹא־יְדֻקֶּנּוּ ׃ 28.

 

28.  Bread corn is bruised; because he will not ever be threshing it, nor break it with the wheel of his cart, nor bruise it with his horsemen.

59:8

28.  Domestic grain is ground;

one does not go on endlessly threshing it.

It cannot be ground

by driving horse and threshing cart over it.

 

 

 

 

גַּם־זֹאת מֵעִם יְהוָה צְבָאוֹת יָצָאָה הִפְלִיא עֵצָה הִגְדִּיל תּוּשִׁיָּה ׃ 29.

 

29.  This also cometh forth from the LORD of hosts, which is wonderful in counsel, and excellent in working.

40:13-14

29.  These things originate with the Lord of Hosts,

whose counsel is wonderful,

whose inspiration is surpassing.

 

 

 

 

 

 

     a1, a4  Hebrew ge e semanim; so 1QIsaa. MT ge  semanim, fat gully/ravine.

     b18  Hebrew kuppar, expiated, emended to hupar.